Lasers are used in teaching, military, and industry. The laser cutting machine is one of its applications. Laser cutting machines are used in both metal and non-metal cutting. Use a laser beam to melt the surface of the material. This article will describe the advantages and cutting methods of a laser cutting machine.
Table of Contents
The advantages of laser cutting machine
1.efficiency
Because of the transmission characteristics of the laser, the laser cutting machine is generally equipped with multiple numerical control worktables, and the entire cutting process can be fully controlled. During operation, only by changing the numerical control program, it can be applied to the cutting of parts of different shapes, which can perform two-dimensional cutting and three-dimensional cutting.
2.fast speed
The laser with a power of 1200W can cut 2mm thick low carbon steel plate, and the cutting speed can reach 600cm/min; for 5mm thick polypropylene resin plate, the cutting speed can reach 1200cm/min. The material does not need to be clamped and fixed during laser cutting.
3.good cutting quality
3.1: The laser cutting incision is narrow, the two sides of the incision are parallel and perpendicular to the surface, and the dimensional accuracy of the cut parts can reach ±0.05mm.
3.2: The cutting surface is smooth and beautiful, and the surface roughness is only tens of microns. Even laser cutting can be used as the last process without mechanical processing, and the parts can be used directly.
3.3: After the material is laser cut, the width of the heat-affected zone is very small, and the performance of the material near the slit is almost unaffected. The deformation of the workpiece is small, the cutting accuracy is high, the geometric shape of the slit is good, and the cross-sectional shape of the slit is relatively Regular rectangle. The comparison of laser cutting, oxyacetylene cutting and plasma cutting methods is shown in Table 1. The cutting material is 6.2mm thick low carbon steel plate.
- Cutting non-contact
There is no direct contact between the torch and the workpiece during laser cutting, and there is no tool wear. To process parts of different shapes, there is no need to change the “tool”, just change the output parameters of the laser. The laser cutting process has low noise, low vibration and low pollution.
5.More cutting materials
Compared with oxyacetylene cutting and plasma cutting, there are many types of laser cutting materials, including metal, non-metal, metal-based and non-metal-based composite materials, leather, wood and fiber.
Cutting methods of laser cutting machine
- Vaporized cutting
means that the removal of the processed material is mainly carried out by vaporizing the material.
- Reactive melting cutting
In melting and cutting. If the auxiliary airflow not only blows away the molten material in the cutting seam, but also can react with the workpiece to increase the heat source during the cutting process. Such cutting is called reactive melting cutting. Generally, the gas that can react with the workpiece is oxygen or a mixed gas containing oxygen.
- Melting cutting
In the laser cutting process, if an auxiliary blowing system coaxial with the laser beam is added, the removal of the molten material during the cutting process is not only by the vaporization of the material itself, but mainly by the blowing action of the high-speed auxiliary airflow to remove the molten material. Continuously blowing away from the slit, this cutting process is called melting cutting.
- Laser scribing
This method is mainly used for: semiconductor materials; use a laser beam with a high power density to draw shallow grooves on the surface of the semiconductor material workpiece, because this groove weakens the bonding force of the semiconductor material. Tongda Machinery Method or vibration method to make it break. The quality of laser scribing is measured by the size of surface debris and heat-affected zone.
